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ZnO Devices and Applications: A review of current status and future prospects
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| Ümit Özgür,, Daniel Hofstetter, and Hadis Morkoç, |
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January 2009 |
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ZnO is an attractive material for applications in
electronics, photonics, acoustics, and sensing. In optical emitters
its high exciton binding energy (60 meV) gives ZnO an edge over
other semiconductors such as GaN if reproducible and reliable ptype
doping in ZnO were to be achieved, which currently remains
to be the main obstacle for realization of bipolar devices. On the
electronic side, ZnO holds some potential in transparent thin film
transistors owing to its high optical transmittivity and high
conductivity. Among the other promising areas of application for
ZnO are acoustic wave devices, due to large electromechanical
coupling in ZnO, and devices utilizing nanowires/nanorods such
as bio and gas sensors and solar cells, since it is relatively easy to
produce such forms of ZnO nanostructures, which have good
charge carrier transport properties and high crystalline quality.
Despite the significant progress made, there is still a number of
important issues that need to be resolved before ZnO can be
transitioned to commercial use, not to mention the stiff
competition it is facing with GaN, which is much more mature in
terms of devices. In this paper, recent progress in device
applications of ZnO is discussed and a review of critical issues for
realization of ZnO-based devices is given |
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